weekly-contest-276

A

Statement

简体中文English

Metadata

Link: 将字符串拆分为若干长度为 k 的组
Difficulty: Easy
Tag: 字符串 模拟

字符串 s 可以按下述步骤划分为若干长度为 k 的组：

第一组由字符串中的前 k 个字符组成，第二组由接下来的 k 个字符串组成，依此类推。每个字符都能够成为 某一个 组的一部分。
对于最后一组，如果字符串剩下的字符不足 k 个，需使用字符 fill 来补全这一组字符。

注意，在去除最后一个组的填充字符 fill（如果存在的话）并按顺序连接所有的组后，所得到的字符串应该是 s 。

给你一个字符串 s ，以及每组的长度 k 和一个用于填充的字符 fill ，按上述步骤处理之后，返回一个字符串数组，该数组表示 s 分组后 每个组的组成情况 。

示例 1：

输入：s = "abcdefghi", k = 3, fill = "x"
输出：["abc","def","ghi"]
解释：
前 3 个字符是 "abc" ，形成第一组。
接下来 3 个字符是 "def" ，形成第二组。
最后 3 个字符是 "ghi" ，形成第三组。
由于所有组都可以由字符串中的字符完全填充，所以不需要使用填充字符。
因此，形成 3 组，分别是 "abc"、"def" 和 "ghi" 。

示例 2：

输入：s = "abcdefghij", k = 3, fill = "x"
输出：["abc","def","ghi","jxx"]
解释：
与前一个例子类似，形成前三组 "abc"、"def" 和 "ghi" 。
对于最后一组，字符串中仅剩下字符 'j' 可以用。为了补全这一组，使用填充字符 'x' 两次。
因此，形成 4 组，分别是 "abc"、"def"、"ghi" 和 "jxx" 。

提示：

1 <= s.length <= 100
s 仅由小写英文字母组成
1 <= k <= 100
fill 是一个小写英文字母

Metadata

Link: Divide a String Into Groups of Size k
Difficulty: Easy
Tag: String Simulation

A string s can be partitioned into groups of size k using the following procedure:

The first group consists of the first k characters of the string, the second group consists of the next k characters of the string, and so on. Each character can be a part of exactly one group.
For the last group, if the string does not have k characters remaining, a character fill is used to complete the group.

Note that the partition is done so that after removing the fill character from the last group (if it exists) and concatenating all the groups in order, the resultant string should be s.

Given the string s, the size of each group k and the character fill, return a string array denoting the composition of every group s has been divided into, using the above procedure.

Example 1:

Input: s = "abcdefghi", k = 3, fill = "x"
Output: ["abc","def","ghi"]
Explanation:
The first 3 characters "abc" form the first group.
The next 3 characters "def" form the second group.
The last 3 characters "ghi" form the third group.
Since all groups can be completely filled by characters from the string, we do not need to use fill.
Thus, the groups formed are "abc", "def", and "ghi".

Example 2:

Input: s = "abcdefghij", k = 3, fill = "x"
Output: ["abc","def","ghi","jxx"]
Explanation:
Similar to the previous example, we are forming the first three groups "abc", "def", and "ghi".
For the last group, we can only use the character 'j' from the string. To complete this group, we add 'x' twice.
Thus, the 4 groups formed are "abc", "def", "ghi", and "jxx".

Constraints:

1 <= s.length <= 100
s consists of lowercase English letters only.
1 <= k <= 100
fill is a lowercase English letter.

Solution

C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>

#define endl "\n"
#define fi first
#define se second
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define rall rbegin(a), rend(a)
#define lowbit(x) ((x) & (-(x)))
#define bitcnt(x) (__builtin_popcountll(x))
#define complete_unique(a) a.erase(unique(begin(a), end(a)), end(a))
#define mst(x, a) memset(x, a, sizeof(x))
#define MP make_pair

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using db = double;
using ld = long double;
using VLL = std::vector<ll>;
using VI = std::vector<int>;
using PII = std::pair<int, int>;
using PLL = std::pair<ll, ll>;

using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
using ordered_set = tree<T, null_type, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;
const ll mod = 1e9 + 7;

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

#ifdef LOCAL
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
// head

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> divideString(string s, int k, char fill) {
        vector<string> res;
        string t;
        for (auto &c : s) {
            t += c;
            if (t.size() == k) {
                res.push_back(t);
                t = "";
            }
        }

        if (!t.empty()) {
            t += string(k - (t.size()), fill);
            res.push_back(t);
        }

        return res;
    }
};

#ifdef LOCAL

int main() {
    return 0;
}

#endif

B

Statement

简体中文English

Metadata

Link: 得到目标值的最少行动次数
Difficulty: Medium
Tag: 贪心 数学

你正在玩一个整数游戏。从整数 1 开始，期望得到整数 target 。

在一次行动中，你可以做下述两种操作之一：

递增，将当前整数的值加 1（即， x = x + 1）。
加倍，使当前整数的值翻倍（即，x = 2 * x）。

在整个游戏过程中，你可以使用递增操作任意次数。但是只能使用加倍操作至多 maxDoubles 次。

给你两个整数 target 和 maxDoubles ，返回从 1 开始得到 target 需要的最少行动次数。

示例 1：

输入：target = 5, maxDoubles = 0
输出：4
解释：一直递增 1 直到得到 target 。

示例 2：

输入：target = 19, maxDoubles = 2
输出：7
解释：最初，x = 1 。
递增 3 次，x = 4 。
加倍 1 次，x = 8 。
递增 1 次，x = 9 。
加倍 1 次，x = 18 。
递增 1 次，x = 19 。

示例 3：

输入：target = 10, maxDoubles = 4
输出：4
解释：
最初，x = 1 。 
递增 1 次，x = 2 。 
加倍 1 次，x = 4 。 
递增 1 次，x = 5 。 
加倍 1 次，x = 10 。

提示：

1 <= target <= 10⁹
0 <= maxDoubles <= 100

Metadata

Link: Minimum Moves to Reach Target Score
Difficulty: Medium
Tag: Greedy Math

You are playing a game with integers. You start with the integer 1 and you want to reach the integer target.

In one move, you can either:

Increment the current integer by one (i.e., x = x + 1).
Double the current integer (i.e., x = 2 * x).

You can use the increment operation any number of times, however, you can only use the double operation at most maxDoubles times.

Given the two integers target and maxDoubles, return the minimum number of moves needed to reach target starting with 1.

Example 1:

Input: target = 5, maxDoubles = 0
Output: 4
Explanation: Keep incrementing by 1 until you reach target.

Example 2:

Input: target = 19, maxDoubles = 2
Output: 7
Explanation: Initially, x = 1
Increment 3 times so x = 4
Double once so x = 8
Increment once so x = 9
Double again so x = 18
Increment once so x = 19

Example 3:

Input: target = 10, maxDoubles = 4
Output: 4
Explanation: Initially, x = 1
Increment once so x = 2
Double once so x = 4
Increment once so x = 5
Double again so x = 10

Constraints:

1 <= target <= 10⁹
0 <= maxDoubles <= 100

Solution

C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>

#define endl "\n"
#define fi first
#define se second
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define rall rbegin(a), rend(a)
#define lowbit(x) ((x) & (-(x)))
#define bitcnt(x) (__builtin_popcountll(x))
#define complete_unique(a) a.erase(unique(begin(a), end(a)), end(a))
#define mst(x, a) memset(x, a, sizeof(x))
#define MP make_pair

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using db = double;
using ld = long double;
using VLL = std::vector<ll>;
using VI = std::vector<int>;
using PII = std::pair<int, int>;
using PLL = std::pair<ll, ll>;

using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
using ordered_set = tree<T, null_type, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;
const ll mod = 1e9 + 7;

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

#ifdef LOCAL
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
// head

class Solution {
public:
    int minMoves(int target, int maxDoubles) {
        int res = 0;
        while (target > 1 && maxDoubles) {
            ++res;
            if (target & 1) {
                --target;
            } else {
                --maxDoubles;
                target /= 2;
            }
        }

        return res + (target - 1);
    }
};

#ifdef LOCAL

int main() {
    return 0;
}

#endif

C

Statement

简体中文English

Metadata

Link: 解决智力问题
Difficulty: Medium
Tag: 数组 动态规划

给你一个下标从 0 开始的二维整数数组 questions ，其中 questions[i] = [points_i, brainpower_i] 。

这个数组表示一场考试里的一系列题目，你需要 按顺序 （也就是从问题 0 开始依次解决），针对每个问题选择解决或者跳过操作。解决问题 i 将让你获得 points_i 的分数，但是你将无法解决接下来的 brainpower_i 个问题（即只能跳过接下来的 brainpower_i个问题）。如果你跳过问题 i ，你可以对下一个问题决定使用哪种操作。

比方说，给你 questions = [[3, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [2, 5]] ：
- 如果问题 0 被解决了，那么你可以获得 3 分，但你不能解决问题 1 和 2 。
- 如果你跳过问题 0 ，且解决问题 1 ，你将获得 4 分但是不能解决问题 2 和 3 。

请你返回这场考试里你能获得的最高分数。

示例 1：

输入：questions = [[3,2],[4,3],[4,4],[2,5]]
输出：5
解释：解决问题 0 和 3 得到最高分。
- 解决问题 0 ：获得 3 分，但接下来 2 个问题都不能解决。
- 不能解决问题 1 和 2
- 解决问题 3 ：获得 2 分
总得分为：3 + 2 = 5 。没有别的办法获得 5 分或者多于 5 分。

示例 2：

输入：questions = [[1,1],[2,2],[3,3],[4,4],[5,5]]
输出：7
解释：解决问题 1 和 4 得到最高分。
- 跳过问题 0
- 解决问题 1 ：获得 2 分，但接下来 2 个问题都不能解决。
- 不能解决问题 2 和 3
- 解决问题 4 ：获得 5 分
总得分为：2 + 5 = 7 。没有别的办法获得 7 分或者多于 7 分。

提示：

1 <= questions.length <= 10⁵
questions[i].length == 2
1 <= points_i, brainpower_i <= 10⁵

Metadata

Link: Solving Questions With Brainpower
Difficulty: Medium
Tag: Array Dynamic Programming

You are given a 0-indexed 2D integer array questions where questions[i] = [points_i, brainpower_i].

The array describes the questions of an exam, where you have to process the questions in order (i.e., starting from question 0) and make a decision whether to solve or skip each question. Solving question i will earn you points_i points but you will be unable to solve each of the next brainpower_i questions. If you skip question i, you get to make the decision on the next question.

For example, given questions = [[3, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [2, 5]]:
- If question 0 is solved, you will earn 3 points but you will be unable to solve questions 1 and 2.
- If instead, question 0 is skipped and question 1 is solved, you will earn 4 points but you will be unable to solve questions 2 and 3.

Return the maximum points you can earn for the exam.

Example 1:

Input: questions = [[3,2],[4,3],[4,4],[2,5]]
Output: 5
Explanation: The maximum points can be earned by solving questions 0 and 3.
- Solve question 0: Earn 3 points, will be unable to solve the next 2 questions
- Unable to solve questions 1 and 2
- Solve question 3: Earn 2 points
Total points earned: 3 + 2 = 5. There is no other way to earn 5 or more points.

Example 2:

Input: questions = [[1,1],[2,2],[3,3],[4,4],[5,5]]
Output: 7
Explanation: The maximum points can be earned by solving questions 1 and 4.
- Skip question 0
- Solve question 1: Earn 2 points, will be unable to solve the next 2 questions
- Unable to solve questions 2 and 3
- Solve question 4: Earn 5 points
Total points earned: 2 + 5 = 7. There is no other way to earn 7 or more points.

Constraints:

1 <= questions.length <= 10⁵
questions[i].length == 2
1 <= points_i, brainpower_i <= 10⁵

Solution

C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>

#define endl "\n"
#define fi first
#define se second
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define rall rbegin(a), rend(a)
#define lowbit(x) ((x) & (-(x)))
#define bitcnt(x) (__builtin_popcountll(x))
#define complete_unique(a) a.erase(unique(begin(a), end(a)), end(a))
#define mst(x, a) memset(x, a, sizeof(x))
#define MP make_pair

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using db = double;
using ld = long double;
using VLL = std::vector<ll>;
using VI = std::vector<int>;
using PII = std::pair<int, int>;
using PLL = std::pair<ll, ll>;

using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
using ordered_set = tree<T, null_type, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;
const ll mod = 1e9 + 7;

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

#ifdef LOCAL
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
// head

class Solution {
public:
    long long mostPoints(vector<vector<int>> &questions) {
        int n = questions.size();
        vector<ll> ans(n + 5, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int m = i + 1 + questions[i][1];
            if (m > n) {
                m = n;
            }
            if (i) {
                ans[i] = max(ans[i], ans[i - 1]);
            }
            ans[m] = max(ans[m], ans[i] + questions[i][0]);
        }

        ll res = 0;
        for (auto &a : ans) res = max(res, a);
        return res;
    }
};

#ifdef LOCAL

int main() {
    return 0;
}

#endif

D

Statement

简体中文English

Metadata

Link: 同时运行 N 台电脑的最长时间
Difficulty: Hard
Tag: 贪心 数组 二分查找 排序

你有 n 台电脑。给你整数 n 和一个下标从 0 开始的整数数组 batteries ，其中第 i 个电池可以让一台电脑运行 batteries[i] 分钟。你想使用这些电池让全部 n 台电脑同时运行。

一开始，你可以给每台电脑连接 至多一个电池 。然后在任意整数时刻，你都可以将一台电脑与它的电池断开连接，并连接另一个电池，你可以进行这个操作 任意次 。新连接的电池可以是一个全新的电池，也可以是别的电脑用过的电池。断开连接和连接新的电池不会花费任何时间。

注意，你不能给电池充电。

请你返回你可以让 n 台电脑同时运行的最长分钟数。

示例 1：

输入：n = 2, batteries = [3,3,3]
输出：4
解释：
一开始，将第一台电脑与电池 0 连接，第二台电脑与电池 1 连接。
2 分钟后，将第二台电脑与电池 1 断开连接，并连接电池 2 。注意，电池 0 还可以供电 1 分钟。
在第 3 分钟结尾，你需要将第一台电脑与电池 0 断开连接，然后连接电池 1 。
在第 4 分钟结尾，电池 1 也被耗尽，第一台电脑无法继续运行。
我们最多能同时让两台电脑同时运行 4 分钟，所以我们返回 4 。

示例 2：

输入：n = 2, batteries = [1,1,1,1]
输出：2
解释：
一开始，将第一台电脑与电池 0 连接，第二台电脑与电池 2 连接。
一分钟后，电池 0 和电池 2 同时耗尽，所以你需要将它们断开连接，并将电池 1 和第一台电脑连接，电池 3 和第二台电脑连接。
1 分钟后，电池 1 和电池 3 也耗尽了，所以两台电脑都无法继续运行。
我们最多能让两台电脑同时运行 2 分钟，所以我们返回 2 。

提示：

1 <= n <= batteries.length <= 10⁵
1 <= batteries[i] <= 10⁹

Metadata

Link: Maximum Running Time of N Computers
Difficulty: Hard
Tag: Greedy Array Binary Search Sorting

You have n computers. You are given the integer n and a 0-indexed integer array batteries where the i^th battery can run a computer for batteries[i] minutes. You are interested in running all n computers simultaneously using the given batteries.

Initially, you can insert at most one battery into each computer. After that and at any integer time moment, you can remove a battery from a computer and insert another battery any number of times. The inserted battery can be a totally new battery or a battery from another computer. You may assume that the removing and inserting processes take no time.

Note that the batteries cannot be recharged.

Return the maximum number of minutes you can run all the n computers simultaneously.

Example 1:

Input: n = 2, batteries = [3,3,3]
Output: 4
Explanation: 
Initially, insert battery 0 into the first computer and battery 1 into the second computer.
After two minutes, remove battery 1 from the second computer and insert battery 2 instead. Note that battery 1 can still run for one minute.
At the end of the third minute, battery 0 is drained, and you need to remove it from the first computer and insert battery 1 instead.
By the end of the fourth minute, battery 1 is also drained, and the first computer is no longer running.
We can run the two computers simultaneously for at most 4 minutes, so we return 4.

Example 2:

Input: n = 2, batteries = [1,1,1,1]
Output: 2
Explanation: 
Initially, insert battery 0 into the first computer and battery 2 into the second computer. 
After one minute, battery 0 and battery 2 are drained so you need to remove them and insert battery 1 into the first computer and battery 3 into the second computer. 
After another minute, battery 1 and battery 3 are also drained so the first and second computers are no longer running.
We can run the two computers simultaneously for at most 2 minutes, so we return 2.

Constraints:

1 <= n <= batteries.length <= 10⁵
1 <= batteries[i] <= 10⁹

Solution

C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>

#define endl "\n"
#define fi first
#define se second
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define rall rbegin(a), rend(a)
#define lowbit(x) ((x) & (-(x)))
#define bitcnt(x) (__builtin_popcountll(x))
#define complete_unique(a) a.erase(unique(begin(a), end(a)), end(a))
#define mst(x, a) memset(x, a, sizeof(x))
#define MP make_pair

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using db = double;
using ld = long double;
using VLL = std::vector<ll>;
using VI = std::vector<int>;
using PII = std::pair<int, int>;
using PLL = std::pair<ll, ll>;

using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
using ordered_set = tree<T, null_type, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;
const ll mod = 1e9 + 7;

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

#ifdef LOCAL
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
// head

class Solution {
public:
    long long maxRunTime(int n, vector<int> &batteries) {
        int m = batteries.size();
        ll tot = 0;
        for (auto &b : batteries) tot += b;

        auto ok = [&](ll x) {
            ll sum = 0;
            for (auto &b : batteries) {
                sum += min(1ll * b, x);
            }

            return sum >= x * n;
        };

        ll l = 0, r = tot / n, res = 0;
        while (r - l >= 0) {
            ll mid = (l + r) >> 1;
            if (ok(mid)) {
                res = mid;
                l = mid + 1;
            } else {
                r = mid - 1;
            }
        }

        return res;
    }
};

#ifdef LOCAL

int main() {
    return 0;
}

#endif

最后更新: October 11, 2023